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CHG-1 Charge Creation Filing (Section 77)

Reviewed by CA and CS Team, Patron Accounting LLP ICAI & ICSI Registered| 15+ Years Experience| Last Updated: Verify Credentials →

Service: End-to-end registration of a charge with the ROC in Form CHG-1.

Fees: CHG-1 filing starting from INR 2,999 (Exl GST and Govt. Charges), per charge.

Timeline: Within 30 days of the creation of the charge.

Why It Matters: An unregistered charge is not recognised against the liquidator or creditors.

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Charge Registration: Overview and Quick Summary

📌 TL;DR - CHG-1 Filing Services at a Glance

When a company creates a charge on its assets, such as security for a loan, Section 77 requires it to register the charge with the ROC in Form CHG-1 within 30 days of creation. A late filing is possible within a further 30 days on additional fees, and a further 60 days beyond that on ad valorem fees. An unregistered charge is not recognised against the liquidator or creditors.

Parameter	Detail
Governing Provision	Section 77 with the Registration of Charges Rules, 2014
Form	CHG-1 (charges other than debentures); CHG-9 for debentures
Timeline	Within 30 days of creation of the charge
Late filing	Further 30 days on additional fees; further 60 days on ad valorem fees
Cost	Patron fee from INR 2,999 (Exl GST and Govt. Charges) per charge
Certificate	ROC issues a Certificate of Registration in Form CHG-2
If not registered	Charge not recognised against liquidator or creditors; penalties apply

CHG-1 services from Patron Accounting cover the preparation and filing of the charge particulars with the instrument, within the 30-day window, and the receipt of the CHG-2 registration certificate. Every loan-backed business needs this each time it creates security. Our team has supported 10,000+ businesses since 2009.

Charge registration sits within the company’s wider compliance; see our private limited company compliance service for the full cycle. The satisfaction of a charge in CHG-4 when a loan is repaid, and the maintenance of the register of charges, are handled by our related charge services.

What Is Charge Registration?

A charge is an interest or lien created on a company’s property or assets as security, including a mortgage. Charge registration is the filing of that charge with the ROC in Form CHG-1, so it appears on the public record and is recognised in law.

It is a duty of the company under Section 77, usually arising when a company borrows against its assets. Registering the charge on time protects the lender’s security and keeps the company compliant, while a failure to register leaves the charge unrecognised against creditors.

Key Terms for CHG-1 Filing:

Charge: An interest or lien on a company’s assets as security, including a mortgage.
CHG-1: The form used to register the creation or modification of a charge, other than for debentures.
Charge-holder: The lender or person in whose favour the charge is created.
CHG-2: The Certificate of Registration of Charge the ROC issues, conclusive evidence of registration.
Ad valorem fees: The value-based fees payable for registration in the further extended period.

Filing Window 30 Days

When Is a CHG-1 Filing Required?

A CHG-1 filing is required whenever a company creates a charge on its assets, and within tight timelines.

On creating a charge: Whenever the company creates security on its property or assets, such as for a loan.
Form: CHG-1 for charges other than debentures; CHG-9 where the charge relates to debentures.
Within 30 days: The charge must be registered within 30 days of its creation.
Late windows: A further 30 days on additional fees, and a further 60 days on ad valorem fees, for charges created after the 2019 Ordinance.
On modification: CHG-1 is also used to register a modification of an existing charge.

Charge registration sits within the company’s wider compliance; see our private limited company compliance service for the full cycle.

Our CHG-1 Filing Services

Service	What We Do
Charge Review	We review the charge instrument and confirm the particulars, the parties and the date of creation.
Form Preparation	We prepare Form CHG-1 with the charge particulars and the supporting documents, signed by the company and the charge-holder.
Timely Filing	We file the form with the ROC within the 30-day window, or manage the additional or ad valorem fees if a late window applies.
Certificate Follow-Up	We follow up the filing and obtain the CHG-2 Certificate of Registration of Charge.
Charge-Holder Filing	Where the company has not filed, we assist the charge-holder to register under Section 78 and recover the fee.
Modification and Satisfaction	We also handle a modification of a charge in CHG-1 and the satisfaction of a charge in CHG-4 when the loan is repaid.

Our Process

CHG-1 Filing Process: Step by Step

How Patron registers your charge, from confirming the instrument to obtaining the CHG-2 certificate and updating records.

Step 1

Confirm the Charge

Identify the date of creation, the assets charged and the charge-holder from the instrument.

Date of creation Assets charged

Confirm 01

Step 2

Prepare the Form

Complete Form CHG-1 with the particulars and attach the charge instrument and supporting documents.

Particulars set Instrument attached

Prepare 02

Step 3

Obtain Signatures

Have the form signed by the company and the charge-holder.

Company sign Charge-holder sign

Signatures 03

Step 4

File Within 30 Days

File the form with the ROC within 30 days of the creation of the charge.

30-day window ROC filed

File 04

Step 5

Manage Any Delay

Where the window is missed, file within the further 30 or 60 days with the additional or ad valorem fees.

+30 / +60 days Fees managed

Delay 05

Step 6

Obtain the Certificate

Receive the CHG-2 Certificate of Registration of Charge from the ROC.

CHG-2 issued Conclusive proof

Certificate 06

Step 7

Update Records

Record the charge in the company’s register of charges and statutory records.

Record 07

Documents Required for CHG-1

The charge or loan instrument creating the charge.
Details of the charge-holder and the assets charged.
Date of creation and amount secured.
Board resolution authorising the charge, where applicable.
Particulars of the property or assets covered.
Valid DSC of the company signatory and the charge-holder.

Need the full checklist? We share a ready CHG-1 checklist when you engage us.

Common CHG-1 Challenges and Solutions

Challenge	Impact	How Patron Accounting Solves It
Missing the 30-day window	The 30-day window is tight, especially around a loan disbursal. We prepare in parallel with the loan so the filing is on time.
Incomplete particulars	Wrong or missing particulars can lead to a defective filing. We confirm the details against the instrument before filing.
Late filing and fees	A delay brings additional or ad valorem fees and, beyond the windows, a condonation process. We manage the right route and fees.
Company has not filed	Where the company does not register, the lender’s security is at risk. We help the charge-holder file under Section 78.

CHG-1 Service Fees

Fee Component	Amount
Patron Accounting Professional Fees (per charge)	Starting from INR 2,999 (Exl GST and Govt. Charges)
Scope of the per-charge fee	Charge review, preparation and filing of CHG-1, follow-up for the CHG-2 certificate
MCA Filing Fee	Charged on actual basis
Additional / ad valorem fees (late filing or condonation)	Charged on actual basis where a late window or condonation applies

All fees and charges listed are indicative only and do not constitute a binding offer. Final amounts may vary depending on the volume of work and the complexity involved.

MCA filing fees, and any additional or ad valorem fees for a late filing or a condonation process, are separate and charged on actual basis. The exact fee depends on the number of charges and whether a late window applies. Contact us for a detailed quote.

Get a free CHG-1 Filing consultation - Call +91 945 945 6700 or WhatsApp us. No-obligation assessment.

CHG-1 Timeline at a Glance

Stage	Estimated Timeline
Initial registration window	Within 30 days of the creation of the charge
First late window	A further 30 days on additional fees
Second late window	A further 60 days beyond that on ad valorem fees (post-2019 Ordinance)
Beyond the windows	Condonation of delay required
Certificate	CHG-2 Certificate of Registration issued by the ROC

Charge registration runs on a tight clock. The charge must be registered within 30 days of its creation. If that is missed, registration is possible within a further 30 days on additional fees, and a further 60 days beyond that on ad valorem fees, for charges created after the 2019 Ordinance. Past these windows a condonation of delay is needed. We file within the first window wherever possible, so the charge is registered and the CHG-2 certificate is issued without complication.

Key Benefits

Why Choose Professional CHG-1 Support

Filed Within 30 Days

The CHG-1 is filed within the 30-day window, so the charge is registered on time and stays valid.

Particulars Confirmed

The particulars are confirmed against the instrument before filing, avoiding a defective or rejected form.

CHG-2 Certificate Followed Up

The CHG-2 Certificate of Registration is followed up and obtained, giving the lender conclusive proof.

Late-Filing Routes Managed

Additional and ad valorem fees, and any condonation route, are managed correctly where a window is missed.

Security Protected

Timely registration keeps the charge recognised against the liquidator and creditors, protecting the security.

Qualified CAs and CSs

Handled by qualified CAs and CSs, with the register of charges and records kept in order.

Trusted by Businesses Across India

10,000+ Businesses Served | 4.9 Google Rating | 50,000+ Documents Filed | 15+ Years

"Every time we take a working capital facility, Patron files the CHG-1 within the window and gets us the certificate. The bank is always satisfied." - Director, manufacturing company, Pune.

"We had missed a charge filing on an old loan. Patron managed the late filing and fees and got it registered." - Founder, services company, Delhi.

Trusted by leading brands including Hyundai, Asian Paints and Bridgestone for accounting and compliance support.

With offices in Pune, Mumbai, Delhi, and Gurugram, Patron Accounting serves businesses across India - both in-person and remotely.

Charge Forms at a Glance

Form	Used For	When
CHG-1	Creation or modification of a charge	Within 30 days of creation
CHG-9	Charge related to debentures	Within 30 days of creation
CHG-2	Certificate of registration	Issued by the ROC on registration
CHG-4	Satisfaction of a charge	Within 30 days of repayment

Related Compliance Services

Charge registration sits alongside the company’s wider compliance and records. Patron handles the linked work too.

Private Limited Company Compliance for the full annual compliance cycle.
Secretarial Audit which reviews the register of charges.
ROC Notice handling where a notice is received for a charge default.
Compliance Calendar to track charge and filing due dates.
Pvt and LLP Compliance for ongoing entity compliance.

The satisfaction of a charge in CHG-4 when a loan is repaid, and the maintenance of the register of charges, are handled by our related charge services.

Legal and Compliance Framework

Duty to register: Section 77 of the Companies Act, 2013 with the Companies (Registration of Charges) Rules, 2014 makes it the duty of a company creating a charge on its property or assets to register the particulars with the Registrar in Form CHG-1, or Form CHG-9 for debentures, within 30 days of creation.

Extended periods: For a charge created after the Companies (Amendment) Ordinance, 2019, registration may be allowed within a further 30 days of the initial period on additional fees, and within a further 60 days beyond that on ad valorem fees, after which condonation of delay is required.

Certificate and charge-holder: On registration, the Registrar issues a Certificate of Registration of Charge in Form CHG-2, which is conclusive evidence of registration, and under Section 78, where the company fails to register, the charge-holder may register the charge and recover the fee from the company.

Consequences: Under Section 77 read with Section 86, an unregistered charge is not taken into account by the liquidator or any creditor, so the charge-holder loses secured status, and the company and its officers in default are liable to a penalty.

Refer to the MCA portal for forms and to Section 77 on IndiaCode for the bare provision.

What is Form CHG-1?

Form CHG-1 is the form a company files with the Registrar of Companies to register the creation or modification of a charge on its property or assets, other than a charge relating to debentures, for which Form CHG-9 is used. It is filed under Section 77 of the Companies Act, 2013, signed by the company and the charge-holder, along with the instrument creating the charge.

Within how many days must a charge be registered?

A charge must be registered with the Registrar in Form CHG-1 within 30 days of its creation. If this is missed, registration may be allowed within a further 30 days on payment of additional fees, and within a further 60 days beyond that on payment of ad valorem fees, for charges created after the 2019 Ordinance. Past these windows, a condonation of delay must be sought.

What happens if a charge is not registered?

If a charge is not registered, it is not taken into account by the liquidator or any creditor of the company under Section 77 read with Section 86. The charge-holder effectively loses secured creditor status and is treated as unsecured, and the company and its officers in default are liable to a penalty. Registering the charge on time is therefore essential to protect the security.

Who is responsible for filing CHG-1?

It is primarily the duty of the company creating the charge to register it in Form CHG-1 within 30 days. However, under Section 78, where the company fails to register the charge within the period allowed, the person in whose favour the charge is created, the charge-holder, may apply to register it and is entitled to recover the fees paid from the company.

What is the CHG-2 certificate?

On registering a charge, the Registrar issues a Certificate of Registration of Charge in Form CHG-2 to the company and the charge-holder. This certificate is conclusive evidence that the requirements of the Act and the rules regarding registration of the charge have been complied with, so it is an important document for the lender and for the company’s records.

Can a charge be registered after 30 days?

Yes, within the extended windows. For a charge created after the 2019 Ordinance, if the 30-day period is missed, registration may be allowed within a further 30 days on additional fees, and within a further 60 days beyond that on ad valorem fees. Beyond these periods, the company must apply for a condonation of delay before it can register the charge.

Is CHG-1 also used to modify a charge?

Yes. Form CHG-1 is used both to register the creation of a charge and to register a modification of an existing charge, such as a change in the amount secured or the assets covered. The same 30-day timeline from the date of modification applies, with the same extended windows on additional or ad valorem fees if the initial period is missed.

Does every loan require a charge registration?

A charge registration is required wherever the company creates a charge on its assets as security, which is common where a loan or facility is secured against the company’s property, plant, receivables or other assets. An unsecured loan with no charge on assets does not require a CHG-1, but most bank and institutional lending is secured and does.

CHG-1 kya hota hai?

CHG-1 wo form hai jisse company apne charge yaani loan ki security ko ROC me register karti hai, charge banne ke 30 din ke andar.

Charge register na ho to kya hota hai?

Quick Answers

Which form? CHG-1, or CHG-9 for debentures.

Timeline? Within 30 days of creation.

Late? Further 30 days, then 60 days, on extra fees.

Certificate? CHG-2 from the ROC.

Why File on Time

The 30-day charge window is unforgiving. A missed deadline means additional or ad valorem fees, a possible condonation process, and most seriously a charge that is not recognised against the liquidator or creditors, which puts the lender’s security at risk. Filing the CHG-1 within the window keeps the charge valid and the company and the lender protected.

Register your charge on time - Call +91 945 945 6700 or WhatsApp us. We respond within 2 hours.

Register Your Charge with Patron Accounting

Registering a charge under Section 77 is a time-bound duty: file Form CHG-1 within 30 days of creation, use the further 30 and 60-day windows with additional or ad valorem fees only if needed, and obtain the CHG-2 certificate.

An unregistered charge is not recognised against creditors, so timely filing protects both the company and the lender. Patron Accounting, with qualified CAs and CSs and offices in Pune, Mumbai, Delhi and Gurugram, files your CHG-1 and registers your charges on time.

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Content Created: 3 June 2026 | Last Updated: | Next Review: 4 September 2026 | Reviewed By: CA & CS Team, Patron Accounting LLP

This page is reviewed at least yearly and updated whenever Section 77, 78 or 86, the Registration of Charges Rules, the CHG form set, or the late-filing fee structure change. Freshness Tier 1.

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