Why Sound Recording Copyright Is Critical for Gurugram's Audio Economy
📌 TL;DR - Sound Recording Copyright Services at a Glance
A sound recording under Section 2(xx) of the Copyright Act 1957 means a recording of sounds from which such sounds may be produced, regardless of the medium or method. This covers music albums, singles, podcasts, audiobooks, jingle recordings, corporate IVR/hold music, voice-overs, and any other audio content. The producer of the sound recording is the 'author' under Section 2(d)(v) and the first owner. Exclusive rights (Section 14(e)): make copies, sell/hire, and communicate to the public. Duration (Section 27): 60 years from publication. Registration fee: Rs 2,000 per recording. The critical distinction: sound recording copyright (the specific recording) is separate from the underlying musical work (the composition) and literary work (the lyrics). Section 13(4) confirms sound recording copyright does not affect underlying work copyright. PPL (Phonographic Performance Limited) collects royalties for public performance of sound recordings.
| Parameter | Detail |
|---|---|
| Definition | Section 2(xx): recording of sounds from which sounds may be produced, regardless of medium or method |
| Author | Section 2(d)(v): Producer of the sound recording is the 'author' |
| First Owner | Producer is first owner. For music: label or music producer. For podcasts: podcast producer |
| Exclusive Rights (S14(e)) | Make copies, sell/hire or offer for sale/hire, communicate to public |
| Duration (S27) | 60 years from beginning of calendar year following publication. Unpublished: 60 years from creation |
| Fee | Rs 2,000 per sound recording (Government fee) |
| PPL | Phonographic Performance Limited: collects royalties for public performance of sound recordings |
| Section 13(4) | Sound recording copyright does NOT affect copyright in underlying literary, dramatic, or musical work |
Gurugram's audio production economy spans music, podcasting, corporate audio, and audiobooks. Music labels and production studios on Golf Course Road produce albums, singles, and commercial music. Podcast networks create episodic audio content from Gurugram studios. Corporate audio teams in DLF Cyber City produce IVR systems, hold music, brand audio, and event soundscapes. Voice-over studios serve the advertising and media industry. For comprehensive information about sound recording copyright across India, visit our national service page.
The critical distinction for Gurugram audio businesses: sound recording copyright protects the specific recorded audio (the master), not the underlying composition or lyrics. A music label that owns the sound recording copyright does not automatically own the composition copyright (that belongs to the composer). Playing a song publicly requires both PPL licence (for the recording) and IPRS licence (for the composition). You may also need musical work copyright for compositions and literary work copyright for lyrics.
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